[To "Voices from 19th-Century America"]

"Fanny Fern" was Sara Payson Willis (1811-1872), whose father, Nathaniel Willis, founded and edited Youth's Companion. Escaping a bad second marriage, and with two children to support, Sara turned to writing: her first essay appeared in the Olive Branch and was quickly reprinted. She soon became one of the most highly paid authors in 19th-century America; three years after her first essay was published, Payson was hired to write one essay a week for the New York Ledger for the unheard-of sum of $100 per column. Alternately humorous, satiric, and sentimental, her pieces cover the range of 19th-century American life, from the death of children to the delicate subterfuges of a widow eager to remarry.

(My copy is badly foxed and damaged by water; the illustrations have been cleaned up digitally.)


http://www.merrycoz.org/voices/fanny/FANNY15.HTM

Fern Leaves from Fanny's Portfolio, series two (Auburn & Buffalo: Miller, Orton & Mulligan, 1854)

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APOLLO HYACINTH.

"There is no better test of moral excellence, than the keenness of one's sense, and the depth of one's love, of all that is beautiful."--Donohue.


I don't endorse that sentiment. I am acquainted with Apollo Hyacinth. I have read his prose, and I have read his poetry; and I have cried over both, till my heart was as soft as my head, and my eyes were as red as a rabbit's. I have listened to him in public, when he was, by turns, witty, sparkling, satirical, pathetic, till I could have added a codicil to my will, and left him all my worldly possessions; and possibly you have done the same. He has, perhaps, grasped you cordially by the hand, and, with a beaming smile, urged you, in his musical voice, to "call on him and Mrs. Hyacinth;" and you have called: but, did you ever find him "in?" You have invited him to visit you, and have received a "gratified acceptance," in his elegant chirography; but, did he ever come? He has borrowed money of you, in the most elegant manner possible; and, as he deposited it in his beautiful purse, he has assured you, in the choicest and most happily chosen language, that he "should never forget your kindness;" but, did he ever pay?

Should you die to-morrow, Apollo would write a poetical

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obituary notice of you, which would raise the price of pocket-handkerchiefs; but should your widow call on him in the course of a month, to solicit his patronage to open a school, she would be told "he was out of town," and that it was "quite uncertain when he would return."

Apollo has a large circle of relatives; but his "keenness of perception, and deep love, of the beautiful" are so great, that none of them exactly meet his views. His "moral excellence," however, does not prevent his making the most of them. He has a way of dodging them adroitly, when they call for a reciprocation, either in a business or a social way; or, if, at any time, there is a necessity for inviting them to his house, he does it when he is at his country residence, where their greenness will not be out of place.

Apollo never says an uncivil thing--never; he prides himself on that, as well as on his perfect knowledge of human nature; therefore, his sins are all sins of omission. His tastes are very exquisite, and his nature peculiarly sensitive; consequently, he cannot bear trouble. He will tell you, in his elegant way, that trouble "annoys" him, that it "bores" him; in short, that it unfits him for life--for business; so, should you hear that a friend or relative of his, even a brother or a sister, was in distress, or persecuted in any manner, you could not do Apollo a greater injury (in his estimation) than to inform him of the fact. It would so grate upon his sensitive spirit,--it would so "annoy" him; whereas, did he not hear of it until the friend, or brother, or sister, were relieved or buried, he could manage the matter with his usual urbanity and without

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the slightest draught upon his exquisitely sensitive nature, by simply writing a pathetic and elegant note, expressing the keennest regret at not having known "all about it" in time to have "flown to the assistance of his dear"--&c.

Apollo prefers friends who can stand grief and annoyance, as a rhinoceros can stand flies--friends who can bear their own troubles and all his--friends who will stand between him and everything disagreeable in life, and never ask anything in return. To such friends he clings with the most touching tenacity--as long as he can use them; but let their good name be assailed, let misfortune once overtake them, and his "moral excellence" compels him, at once, to ignore their existence, until they have been extricated from all their troubles, and it has become perfectly safe and advantageous for him to renew the acquaintance.

Apollo is keenly alive to the advantages of social position, (not having always enjoyed them;) and so, his Litany reads after this wise: From all questionable, unfashionable, unpresentable, and vulgar persons, Good Lord, deliver us!

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SPOILED LITTLE BOY.

"Boo-hoo!--I've eaten so--m-much bee-eef and t-turkey, that I can't eat any p-p-plum p-p-pudding!"


Miserable little Pitcher! Take your fists out of your eyes, and know that thousands of grown-up pinafore graduates, are in the same Slough of Despond with your epicurean Lilliputian-ship. Having washed the platter clean of every crumb of "common fixins," they are left with cloyed, but tantalizing desires, for the spectacle of some mocking "plum pudding."

"Can't eat your pudding!"

Why, you precious, graceless young glutton! you have the start of me, by many an ache-r. I expect to furnish an appetite for every "plum pudding" the fates are kind enough to cook for me, from this time till Teba Napoleon writes my epitaph.

Infatuated little Pitcher! come sit on my knee, and take a little advice. Don't you know you should only take a nibble out of each dish, and be parsimonious at that; always leaving off, be the morsel ever so dainty, before your little jacket buttons begin to tighten; while from some of the dishes, you should not even lift the cover; taking aunt Fanny's word for it, that their spicy and stimulating contents will only give you

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a pain under your apron. Bless your little soul, life's "bill of fare" can be spun out as ingeniously as a cobweb, if you only understand it; and then you can sit in the corner, in good digestive order, and catch your flies! But if you once get a surfeit of a dainty, it takes the form of a pill to you, ever after, unless the knowing cuisinier disguise it under some novel process of sugaring; and sadder still, if you exhaust yourself in the gratification of gross appetites, you will be bereft of your faculties for enjoying the pure and heavenly delights which "Our Father" has provided as a dessert for his children.

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A "BROWN STUDY"--SUGGESTED BY BROWN VAILS.

"Why will ladies wear those ugly brown vails, which look like the burnt edge of a buckwheat cake? We vote for green ones."--Exchange.


Mr. Critic: Why don't you hit upon something objectionable? Such as the passion which stout ladies have for wearing immense plaids, and whole stories of flounces! Such as thin, bolster-like looking females wearing narrow stripes! Such as brunettes, gliding round like ghosts, in pale blue! Such as blondes blowing out like dandelions in bright yellow! Such as short ladies swathing up their little fat necks in voluminous folds of shawls, and shingle women, rejoicing in strips of mantles!

Then the gentlemen!

Your stout man is sure to get into a frock coat, with baggy trowsers; your May-pole, into a long-waisted body-coat, and "continuations" unnecessarily compact; your dark man looks like an "east wind" daguerreotyped, in a light blue neck-tie; while your pink-and-white man looks as though he wanted a pitcher of water in his face, in a salmon- colored or a black one.

Now allow me to suggest. Your thin man should always

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close the thorax button of his coat, and the last two at his waistband, leaving the intermediate open, to give what he needs--more breadth of chest. Your stout man, who has almost always a nice arm and hand, should have his coat sleeve a perfect fit from the elbow to the wrist, buttoning there tightly--allowing a nice strip of a white linen wristband below it.

I understand the architecture of a coat to a charm; know as quick as a flash whether 't is all right, the minute I clap my eye on it. As to vests, I call myself a connoisseur. "Stocks" are only fit for Wall Street! Get yourself some nice silk neck-ties, and ask your wife, or somebody who knows something, to longitudinize them to your jugular. Throw your colored, embroidered, and ruffled shirt-bosoms overboard; leave your cane and cigar at home; wear a pair of neat, dark gloves; sport an immaculate pocket-handkerchief and dicky--do n't say naughty words--give us ladies the inside of the walk--speak of every woman as you would wish your mother or your sister spoken of, and you 'll do!

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INCIDENT AT THE FIVE POINTS HOUSE OF INDUSTRY.

To be able to appreciate Mr. Pease's toils, and sacrifices, and self-denying labors at the Five Points House of Industry, one must visit the locality:--one must wind through those dirty streets and alleys, and see the wrecks of humanity that meet him at every step;--he must see children so dirty and squalid that they scarcely resemble human beings, playing in filthy gutters, and using language that would curdle his blood to hear from childhood's lips;--he should see men, "made in God's own image," butalised beyond his power to imagine;--he should see women (girls of not more than twenty years) reeling about the pavements in a state of beastly intoxication, without a trace of feminity in their vicious faces;--he should pass the rum shops, where men and women are quarreling and fighting and swearing, while childhood listens and learns!--he should pass the second-hand clothes cellars, where hard-featured Jewish dealers swing out faded, refuse garments, (pawned by starving virtue for bread,) to sell to the needy, half-naked emigrant for his last penny;--he should see decayed fruit and vegetables which the most ravenous swine might well

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root twice over before devouring, purchased as daily food by these poor creatures;--he should see gentlemen (?) threading these streets, not to make all this misery less, God knows, but to sever the last thread of hope to which many a tempted one is despairingly clinging.

One must see all this, before he can form a just idea of the magnitude and importance of the work that Mr. Pease has single-handed and nobly undertaken; remembering that men of wealth and influence have their own reasons for using that wealth and influence to perpetuate this modern Sodom.

One should spend an hour in Mr. Pease's house, to see the constant drafts upon his time and strength, in the shape of calls and messages, and especially the applications for relief that his slender purse alas! is often not able to answer;--he should see his unwearied patience and activity, admire the kind, sympathetic heart--unaffected by the toil or the frowns of temporizing theorists--ever warm, ever pitiful, giving not only "the crumbs from his table," but often his own meals to the hungry--his own wardrobe to the naked;--he should see this, and go away ashamed to have lived so long and done so little to help the maimed, and sick, and lame, to Bethesda's Pool.

I will relate an incident which occurred, some time since, at the House of Industry, and which serves as a fair sample of daily occurrences there.

One morning an aged lady, of respectable appearance, called at the Mission House and enquired for Mr. Pease. She was told that he was engaged, and asked if some one else would not

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do as well. She said, respectfully, "No; my business is with him; I will wait, if you please, till he can see me."

Mr. Pease immediately came in, when the old lady commenced her story:

"I came, sir," said she, "in behalf of a poor, unfortunate woman and three little children. She is living now"--and the tears dropped over her wrinkled face--"in a bad place in Willet-street, in a basement. There are rum shops all around it, and many drunken people about the neighborhood. She has made out to pay the rent, but has had no food for the poor little children, who have subsisted on what they could manage to beg in the day time. The landlord promised, when she hired the basement, to put a lock on the door, and make it comfortable, so that 'the Croton' need not run in; but he got his rent and then broke his promise, and they have not seen him since."

"Is the woman respectable?" enquired Mr. Pease.

"Yes--no--not exactly," said the poor old lady, violently agitated. "She was well brought up. She has a good heart, sir, but a bad head, and then trouble has discouraged her. Poor Mary--yes sir, it must have been the trouble--for I know her heart is good, sir. I"--tears choked the old lady's utterance. Recovering herself, she continued:

"She had a kind husband once. He was the father of her two little girls: six years ago he died, and--the poor thing--oh, sir, you don't know how dear she is to me!" and burying her aged face in her hands, she sobbed aloud.

Mr. Pease's kind heart interpreted the old lady's emotion,

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without the pain of an explanation. In the weeping woman before him he saw the mother of the lost one.

Yes, she was "Mary's" mother. Poverty could not chill her love; shame and the world's scorn had only filled her with a God-like pity.

After a brief pause, she brushed away her tears and went on:

"Yes, sir; Mary was a good child to me once; she respected religion and religious people, and used to love to go to church, but lately, sir, God knows she has almost broke my heart. Last spring I took her home, and the three dear children; but she would not listen to me, and left without telling me where she was going. I heard that there was a poor woman living in a basement in Willet street, with three children, and my heart told me that that was my poor, lost Mary, and there I found her. But, oh, sir--oh, sir"--and she sobbed as if her heart were breaking--"such a place! My Mary, that I used to cradle in these arms to sleep, that lisped her little evening prayer at my knee--my Mary, drunk in that terrible place!"

She was getting so agitated that Mr. Pease, wishing to turn the current of her thoughts, asked her if she herself was a member of any church. She said yes, of the ---- street Baptist Church. She said she was a widow, and had had one child beside Mary--a son. And her face lighted up as she said:

"Oh sir, he was such a fine lad. He did all he could to make me happy; but he thought, that if he went to California he could make money, and when he left he said 'Cheer up, dear

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mother; I'll come back and give my money all to you, and you shall never work any more.'

"I can see him now, sir, as he stood there, with his eye kindling. Poor lad! poor lad! He came back, but it was only to die. His last words were, 'God will care for you, mother--I know it--when I'm gone to Heaven.' Oh! if I could have seen my poor girl die as he did, before she became so bad. Oh, sir, won't you take her here?-- won't you try to make her good?--can't you make her good, sir? I can't give Mary up. Nobody cares for Mary now but me. Won't you try, sir?"

Mr. Pease promised that he would do all he could, and sent a person out with the old lady, to visit "Mary," and obtain particulars: he soon returned and corroborated all the old lady's statements. Mr. Pease then took a friend and started to see what could be done.

In Willet street is a rickety old wooden building, filled to overflowing with the very refuse of humanity. The basement is lighted with two small windows half under ground; and in this wretched hole lived Mary and her children. As Mr. Pease descended the steps into the room, he heard some one say, "Here he comes, grandmother! he's come--he's come!"

The door was opened. On a pile of rags in the corner lay Mary, "my Mary," as the old lady tearfully called her.

God of mercy! what a wreck of beautiful womanhood! Her large blue eyes glared with maniac wildness, under the influence of intoxication. Long waves of auburn hair fell, in tangled masses, over a form wasted, yet beautiful in its graceful outlines.

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Poor, lost Mary!

"Such a place!" as her mother had, weeping, said. Not a table, or chair, or bedstead, or article of furniture in it, of any description. On the mantle-piece stood a beer-bottle with a half burnt candle in its nose. A few broken, dirty dishes stood upon the shelf, and a quantity of filthy rags lay scattered round the floor.

The grandmother was holding by the hand a sweet child of eight years, with large, bright eyes, and auburn hair (like poor Mary's) falling about her neck. An older girl of twelve, with a sweet, Madonna face, that seemed to light up even that wretched place with a beam of Heaven, stood near, bearing in her arms a babe of sixteen months, which was not so large as one of eight months should have been. Its little hands looked like bird's claws, and its little bones seemed almost piercing the skin.

The old lady went up to her daughter, saying, "Mary, dear, this is the gentleman who is willing to take you to his house, if you will try to be good."

"Get out of the room, you old hypocrite," snarled the intoxicated woman, "or I'll--(and she clutched a hatchet beside her)--I'll show you! You are the worst old woman I ever knew, except the one you brought in here the other day, and she is a fiend outright. Talk to me about being good!--ha--ha"--and she laughed an idiot laugh.

"Mother," said the eldest child, sweetly laying her little hand upon her arm,--"dear mother, do n't, please do n't hurt grand-

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mother. She is good and kind to us; she only wants to get you out of this bad place, where you will be treated kindly."

"Yes, dear mother,["] chimed in the younger sister, bending her little curly head over her, "mother, you said once you would go. Do n't keep us here any longer, mother. We are cold and hungry. Please get up and take us away; we are afraid to stay here, mother, dear."

"Yes, Mary," said the old lady, handing her down a faded, ragged gown, "here is your dress; put it on, wont you!"

Mary raised herself on the pile of rags on which she was lying, and pushing the eldest girl across the room, screamed out, "Get away, you impudent little thing! you are just like your old grandmother. I tell you all," said she, raising herself on one elbow, and tossing back her auburn hair from her broad, white forehead, "I tell you all, I never will go from here, never! I love this place. So many fine people come here, and we have such good times. There is a gentleman who takes care of me. He brought me some candles, last night, and he says that I shan't want for anything, if I will only get rid of these troublesome children--my husband's children." And she hid her face in her hands and laughed convulsively.

"You may have them," she continued, "just as soon as you like--baby and all! but I never will go from this place. I love it. A great many fine people come here to see me."

The poor old lady wrung her hands and wept, while the children clung round their grandmother, with half-averted faces, trembling and silent.

Mr. Pease said to her, "Mary, you may either go with me,

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or I'll send for an officer and have you carried to the station-house. Which will you do?"

Mary cursed and raved, but finally put on the dress the old lady handed her, and consented to go with them. A carriage was soon procured, and Mary helped inside--Mr. Pease lifting in the baby and the two little girls, and away they started for the Five Points House of Industry.

"Oh, mother!" exclaimed the younger of the girls, "how very pleasant it is to ride in this nice carriage, and to get away from that dirty place; we shall be so happy now, mother; and Edith and the baby too; see, he is laughing: he likes to ride. You will love sister Edith and baby, and me, now, wont you, dear mother? and you wont frighten us with the hatchet any more, or hurt dear grandmother, will you?"

Arriving at Mr. Pease's house, the delight of the little creatures was unbounded. They caught hold of their mother's faded dress, saying, "Did n't we tell you, mother, that you would have a pleasant home here? Only see that nice garden! you did n't have a garden in Willet Street, mother!"

Reader, would you know that mother's after history?

Another "Mary" hath "bathed the Saviour's feet" with her tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her head. Her name is no longer written Mary Magdalena. In the virtuous home of her aged mother, she sits clothed in her right mind, "and her children rise up and call her blessed."

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NANCY PRY'S SOLILOQUY.

I wonder if that is the bride, over at that window? Poor thing, how I pity her! Every thing in her house so bran new and fresh and uncomfortable. Furniture smelling like a mahogany coffin; every thing set up spick and span in its place; not a picture awry; not a chair out of its orbit; not a finger mark on the window panes; not a thread on the carpet; not a curtain fold disarranged; china and porcelain set up in alphabetical order in the pantry; bureau drawers fit for a Quaker; no stockings, to mend; no strings or buttons missing; no old rag-bags to hunt over; no dresses to re-flounce, or re-tuck, or re-fashionize; not even a hook or eye absent. Sauce pans, pots, and kettles, fresh from the "furnishing house;" servants fresh; house as still as a cat-cornered mouse. Nothing stirring, nothing to do. Land of Canaan! I should think it would be a relief to her to hear the braying and roaring in Driesbach's Menagerie.

Well, there's one consolation; in all human probability, it is a state of things that won't last long.

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FOR LITTLE CHILDREN.

"I love God and every little child."--Richter.

I wonder if I have any little pinafore friends among the readers of Fern Leaves? any little Nellys, or Katys, or Billys, or Johnnys, who ever think of Fanny? Do you know that I like children much better than grown-up people? I should so like to have a whole lap full of your bright eyes, and rosy cheeks, and dimpled shoulders, to kiss. I should like to have a good romp with you, this very minute. I don't always keep this old pen of mine scratching. If a bright cloud comes sailing past my window, I throw down my pen, toss up the casement, and drink in the air, like a gipsey. I feel just as you do, when you are pent up in school, some bright summer day, when the winds are at play, and the flowers lie languidly drooping under the blue, arching sky;--when the little butterfly poises his bright wings on the rose, too full of joy even to sip its sweets;--when the birds sing, because they can't help it, and the merry little swallow skims the ground, dips his bright wing in the lake, circles over head, and then flies, twittering, back to his cunning little brown nest, under the eaves. On such a day, I should like to be your school-mistress. I'd throw open the old school-room door, and let you all out under the trees. You should count the blades of grass for a sum in addition;

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you should take an apple from a tree, to learn subtraction; you should give me kisses, to learn multiplication. You shouldn't go home to dinner. No: we'd all take our dinner-baskets and go into the woods; we'd hunt for violets; we'd lie on the moss under the trees, and look up at the bits of blue sky, through the leafy branches; we'd hush our breath when the little chipmunk peeped out of his hole, and watch him slily snatch the ripe nut for his winter's store. And we'd look for the shy rabbit; and the little spotted toad, with its blinking eyes; and the gliding snake, which creeps out to sun itself on the old gray rock. We'd play hide and seek, in the hollow trunks of old trees; we'd turn away from the gaudy flowers, flaunting their showy beauty in our faces, and search, under the glossy leaves at our feet, for the pale-eyed blossoms which nestle there as lovingly as a timid little fledgling under the mother-bird's wing; we'd go to the lake, and see the sober, staid old cows stand cooling their legs in the water, and admiring themselves in the broad, sheeted mirror beneath; we'd toss little pebbles in the lake, and see the circles they made, widen and widen toward the distant shore--like careless words, dropped and forgotten, but reaching to the far-off shore of eternity.

And then you should nestle 'round me, telling all your little griefs; for well I know that childhood has its griefs, which are all the keener because great, wise, grown-up people have often neither time nor patience, amid the bustling whirl of life, to stop and listen to them. I know what it is for a timid little child, who has never been away from its mother's apron string, to be walked, some morning, into a great big school-room, full

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of strange faces;--to see a little urchin laugh, and feel a choking lump come in your little throat, for fear he was laughing at you;--to stand up, with trembling legs, in the middle of the floor, and be told to "find big A," when your eyes were so full of tears that you could n't see anything;-- to keep looking at the ferule on the desk, and wondering if it would ever come down on your hand;--to have some mischievous little scholar break your nice long slate-pencil in two, to plague you, or steal your bit of gingerbread , out of your satchel, and eat it up, or trip you down on purpose, and feel how little the hard-hearted young sinners cared when you sobbed out, "I'll tell my mother."

I know what it is, when you have lain every night since you were born, with your hand clasped in your mother's, and your cheek cuddled up to hers, to see a new baby come and take your place, without even asking your leave;--to see papa, and grandpa, and grandma, and uncle, and aunt, and cousins, and all the neighbors, so glad to see it, when your heart was almost broke about it. I know what it is to have a great fat nurse (whom even mamma herself had to mind) lead you, struggling, out of the room, and tell Sally to see that you did n't come into your own manna's room again all that day. I know what it is to have that fat old nurse sit in mamma's place at table, and cut up your potato and meat all wrong;--to have her put squash on your plate, when you hate squash;--to have her forget (?) to give you a piece of pie, and eat two pieces herself;--to have Sally cross, and Betty cross, and everybody telling you to "get out of the way;"--to have your doll's leg get loose, and nobody there to hitch it on for

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you;--and then, when it came night, to be put away in a chamber, all alone by yourself to sleep, and have Sally tell you that "if you wasn't good an old black man would come and carry you off;"--and then to cuddle down under the sheet, till you were half stifled, and tremble every time the wind blew, as if you had an ague fit. Yes, and when, at last, mamma came down stairs, I know how long it took for you to like that new baby;--how every time you wanted to sit in mamma's lap, he'd be sure to have the stomach-ache, or to want his breakfast; how he was always wanting something, so that mamma could n't tell you pretty stores, or build little blocks of houses for you, or make you reins to play horse with; or do any of those nice little things, that she used to be always doing for you.

To be sure, my little darlings, I know all about it. I have cried tears enough to float a steamship, about all these provoking things; and now whenever I see a little child cry, I never feel like laughing at him: for i know that often his little heart is just ready to break, for somebody to pet him. So I always say a kind word, or give him a pat on the head, or a kiss; for I know that though the little insect has but one grain to carry, he often staggers under it: and I have seen the time when a kind word, or a beaming smile, would have been worth more to me, than all the broad lands of merrie England.


Copyright 1999-2006, Pat Pflieger